Coke oven with movable walls



Feb. 16, 1941.

F. PUENING COKE OVEN WITH MOVABLE WALLS Filed April 19, 1941 10 Sheets-Sheet 1 Feb. 16, 1943.

F. PUENING COKE OVEN WITH MOVABLE WALLS vFiled April 19, 1941 lO Sheets-Sheet 2 A l l l l Feb. 16, 1943.

F. PUENING COKE OVEN WITH MOVABLE WALLS Filed April 19, 1941 lO Sheets-Sheet 5 www Feb. 16, 1943. F. PUENING COKE OVEN WITH MOVABLE WALLS 10 .Sheets-Shea?I 4 Filed April 19, 1941 C): ffl

Feb. 16, 1943. F. PUENING 2,311,349

COKE OVEN WITH MOVABLE WALLS Feb. 16, 1943.

.Filed'Aprl 19, 1941 F. PUENING COKE OVEN WITH MOVABLE WALLS 1'0 sheets-sheet e Feb. 16, 1943. F. PUENING COKE OVEN WITH MOVABLE WALLS Filed April 19, 1941 lO Sheets-Sheet 7 Feb. 16, 1943. F, PUENlNG 2,311,349

COKE OVEN WITH MOVABLE WALLS Filed April 19, 1941 l0 Sheets-Sheet 8 Feb. 16, 1943. F. PUENING COKE OVEN WITH MOVABLE WALLS -Filed April 19, 1941 l Sheets-Sheet 9 Feb. 16, 1943. F. PUENING COKE OVEN WITH MOVABLE WALLS Filed April 19, 1941 l0 Sheets-Sheet l0 Q uk Patented Feb. 16, 1943 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE COKE OVEN WITH MOVABLE WALLS Franz Puening, New York, N. Y.

Application April 19, 1941, Serial No. 389,302

26 Claims. (Cl. 202-105) The present invention relates to the coking of coal and particularly to coking at medium temperatures although low and high temperatures are also within its reach. More particularly it relates to blocks of movable coking walls working with thin coal charges and short coking times as shown in my co-pending application Serial No. 282,785 illed July 4, 1939, patented May 6, 1941, No. 2,240,575, which describes an oven in which each coking chamber, formed between a, pair of movable walls, is equipped with individual means for sealing the chamber separately from the atmosphere, there being no enclosure common to the several walls. In this type of oven due to the thinness oi the charges the operations of opening, recharging and resealing the chambers must be performed with the greatest speed. For the same reason it is desirable that all chambers of a block are charged and discharged simultaneously. Such simultaneous charging is also important in case of poorly coking coals which can be made to furnish a greatly improved coke, by compacting or densifying the coal directly into the, oven chamber. By performing this act of compacting simultaneously in all chambers the pressure exerted by the coal upon the coking walls is neutralized and transferred to the outer walls of the block, which can be reinforced by iron beams, enabling the intermediate walls to carry the pressure of the coal without buckling. A similar advantage is gained in case of swelling coals, where it is the swelling pressure exerted by the coals which is neutralized by simultaneous charging.

It is the object of this invention to provide for ovens of the kind indicated, sealing means of an automatic and permanently gas-tight character, by virtue of which the operating actions required for discharging, recharging and resealing the chambers are reduced to such simplicity and speed that all chambers contained in one block can be charged simultaneously without losses in time and by-products. More specifically it is an object to provide automatically acting continually gas-tight connections between the side seals and the top and bottom seals, to eliminate the painstaking cleaning and scraping of the sealing surfaces which is required in case of older arrangements, and to provide sealing devices which in case of need can be quickly exchanged, without much labor.

The present application has the additional aim to provide sealing means which permit the chambers of a block to be expanded in width for lnstance from 6" to 'I1/2, while the coking action proceeds, without thereby unsealing the chamber,

thus forestalling damage which an excessively swelling coal may otherwise inilict upon the walls.

In order that the nature of the invention may be more clearly appreciated, particular embodiments will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a sectional elevation taken through a coking oven comprising two coking chambers formed between three coking walls, the section being taken on the line I-I of Figure 2;

Figure 2 is a section on the line 2-2 of Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a plan view of the top trough on line 3-3 of Figure 1 with the cover removed;

Figure 4 is a section on the line 4 4 oi Figure 1; A

Figure 5 shows in elevation a portion oi the top right-hand corner of the wall shown in Figure 1;

Figure 6 is a plan view of the detail shown in Figure 5; y

Figure 7 is a section on the line 1-1 of Figure Figure 8 is a section on the line 8-8 of Figure 5:

Figure 9 is a sectional elevation on the line 9-9 of Figure 8;

Figure 10 is a plan view of an alternative forthe device shown in Figure 8;

Figure 1l is a section on the line il-II of Figure 10;

Figure 12 shows in sectional elevation an alternative for the top right-hand corner shown in Figure 5;

Figure 13 is a section on the line l3--l3 of Figure l2;

Figure 14 shows in elevation another alternative for the top right-hand corner shown in Fig ure 5;

Figure 15 is a plan view of the detail shown in Figure 14;

Figure 16 showsy in elevation another alternative for the top right-hand corner shown in Figure 5i Figure 17 is a plan view of the detail shown in Figure 16;

Figure 18 shows in elevation a special lower end of the detail shown in Figure 16;

Figure 19 shows in plan view the manner in which the canvas sheets shown in Figure 18 are fastened;

Figure 20 shows in horizontal section side sealirdmembers A and B combined with reinforcing g S;

Figure 21 shows in horizontal section alternative side sealing members C and D; and

Figure shows in horizontal sectional alternative side sealing members E and F.

The arrangement illustrated comprises two coking chambers formed between three movable walls; in practice, however, a greater number of coking chambers would be formed between a plurality of coking walls, each chamber being sealed in the manner about to be described.

Coking chambers 22 and 23 Figure 4 are formed between three movable walls 24, 25 and 26, which are suspended by hangers 21 from beams 28 so as to be separable by means of two cranks 29 mounted on shafts 30, each formed with opposite threads 3l and 32. A similar set of'spreading screws is preferably provided at the lower end of the walls, and when more chambers than two are provided in one block, then the screw shafts 30 are lengthened and the spreading screws 33 and 34 for the added outer walls receive increased pitch, so that the added walls are moved outwardly for instance two inches while the inner walls 24 and 26 move only one inch, with center wall 25 remaining stationary.

Each wall is heated internally by burners 35. Each wall has an exit flue 36 for waste heat. equipped with flexible or slidable joints 31 permitting motion of the wall.

In order to seal the top opening of each coking chamber 22 and 23 during coking the chamber is surrounded on top by a continuous water lled trough the Itwo longitudinal sections of which 38 are fastened to angles 39 which are fixed upon the top frame plates 40 of the three walls, while the gap between the ends of the longitudinal sections 38 are bridged by U-shaped exible bridging troughs 4|. A removable bell shaped cover 42 is used in cooperation with the continuous trough, dipping with its side skirts 43 into the water filled longitudinal trough sections 38 and dipping with its end skirts 44 into the bridg- The connection between the longitudinal sections 38 and the angles 39 is gastight but permits vertical sliding and a rising of the top frameplate 40 due to heat expansion of the wall. The longitudinal trough sections 38 pass through valleys 45 cut in the upper ends of the side frame plates 46. f The horizontal length of these valleys is increased by U-shaped extensions 41 Figures 5 and 7 welded onto the side frame plates. The space between the longitudinal sections and the U-shaped valleys is made gastight by means of packing material 48.

The bridging troughs 4l in Figures 5 and 6 are composed of metal links 50, I and 52 having trough shape and tting together in the manner of swivel or ball joints as used in flexible pipsprings 6I is advantageous.

the side frame plates'46 by means of tension springs 6|, which are hooked onto the side frame ribs 62 fastened to frame plates 46. An asbestos gasket 63 is preferably interposed between side frame plate 46 and side sealing member 58, be-

cause of the rougher surface of the side frame plate, while gaskets may be omitted between the side sealing members 58 and 6U. The use of the They press all elements of the side sealing devices upon each other and upon the walls, they permit a vertical sliding of one of the individual sealing members against another if necessary in case of Variations in temperature and they can quickly be unhooked and thus expedite repairs if required; they also have the effect of keeping the sealing members centered upon the center of the chambers 22 and 23.

At the point of junction between the vertical side sealing members and Ithe bridging troughs are provided flexible and elastic corner sealing devices which continually maintain gas tightness at this junction. A flexible packing is elastically pressed against the bridging troughs and the side sealing members so' that the packing material moves jointly with them, when the walls are moved.

Figure 5 shows the elastic packing to have the form of an inatable bag 66 interposed between the bridging trough 50-52 and side sealing members 58-60.

To effect the ination, a fluid forinstance water is pressed into the bag through pipe 61 shown in Figures 8 and 9. The pressure is regulated to create gas-tightness, but a very low pressure is sufficient, in view of the fact that the gas pressure inside the coking chamber is only about one eighth of one inch of water column.

To maintain the relative position between the bridging troughs and the Aside sealing members andV to enable them to withstand the pressure exerted by the bag, means are provided shown inpFigures 1 and 2 consisting of brackets 68 extending from side ribs 62 (Figure 7) and brackets 69 extending from side sealing member 59 and 60, said brackets being connected by adjustable hangers 1|), which serve to pull the side sealing members upward into suitable proximity to the bridging troughs above them. Means are also provided for holding the bridging trough down in its position, consisting of ribs 12 cast onto trough member 52 and guiding bolts 13 screwed into side frame ribs 62 attached t0 side frame plates 46.

ing. The links are pressed into water tight connection with each other and with the longitudinal troughs 38 by means of tension springs 53. Between links 50 and the longitudinal troughs a bell and spigot joint 54 with packing material 55 is provided.

Referring to Figure 1, water is maintained in reservoir 56 at level 51 by means of supply line 58' and overflow pipe 59', and from the reservoir fliws through hose into the bridglngvtrough Figures 5 and 7 show lthe vertical side edges of adjoining coking walls 25 and 26 which are permanently and flexibly `sealed against each otherV by side-sealing members comprising a plurality of coacting relatively heavy metal members 58, 59 and 60 pressed into continuously gas tight pressure touch with each othervand With Additional means may be provided for holding the bridging troughs and the side members to-` gether consisting of brackets 14 and 15 and springs 16. Bag 66 preferably is supported on shoulder sections 11. Figure 5 attached to side sealing members 60 and 59. The bag is kept c'ool by contact with the Water filled bridging troughs and by virtue of the water entering the bag through pipe 61. By .providing a second pipe connection of the same type asshown at 61 the Water can be circulated through the bag, thus lowering its temperature still more. The bag may be further protected by several layers of various insulating materials, which shield it against heat as 4well as the action of distillates. The bag may be still further protected by keeping these layers-of insulating material wet, for instance by means of perforations 18 Figures 8 and 9 located on the inner edge of the' bag, through which water entering through line 61, can be pressed into the insulating layers. Instead of water, low pressure steam or a gas may be used for inflating the bag. The bag can be further protected against heat by making it permeable.` so that the water .or the steam inside the bag filters through the fabric of the bag. Thus the bag may be made of a material like flax or hemp. In this case the bag may be partially treated with a rubber compound making those portions water tight which face the outside atmosphere,while the portions facing thecoal chamber remain untreated so that the iiuid in the bag permeates the fabric and supplies a protective vapor on the surfaces exposed to the coal chamber. In some cases depending upon the to use a very soft` and pliable packing material' as shown at 88 in Figures 10 and 11 preferably fastened by thin wires 8| to an elastic corrugated metal skeleton or grid 82 located in the middle of the packing and having horse shoe form as shown in Figure the component strands of the packing running substantially at right angles to the center line of the horseshoe as indicated by lines 88.

The pressure upon the corner packing may also be exerted as shown for instance in Figures l2 and 13 by means of metal springs 85, connected to bridging troughs E8, 5| and 52 and to pistons 86 held in position by -braces 81, the springs and the pistons forcing the packing material 88 against the bridging troughs 52 and the side sealing members 58, 59 and 60.

The bottom opening of each coking chamber is sealed with the aid of a. tub-shaped water filled y door S0 shown in Figures 1 and 4 into which dip the bottom skirts 9| of the coking walls and the lowest ends of the side frame plates $6 and of the side seals 58, 59 and B. The' bottom skirts 9| extend laterally till they are in contact with and fixed in gastight manner to the lowest ends of the side frame plates 66. The skirts are attached to bottom frame plates 82 of the walls, so that horizontal sliding is possible and sliding expansion joints 98 are provided in each bottom skirt, so that gastight continuity of the bottom sealing means is assured in spite of heat exe pansion of the walls.

The tub-door 88 may protrude into the coking chamberY or coke-breeze may be filled in on top of the door thus keeping the coal away from the door as it is customary with intermittent vertical ovens; coal gas or steam may also be blown into the coke breeze to keep distillates away. The water which is filled into the bottom tub for the purpose of sealing may be augmented by water from the top trough as will be described later on or by water of condensation from the coal dis- V tillates. The bottom door is therefore equipped with an overflow 84 which discharges the surplus into a water collecting manifold 95 leading to a tank not shown.

Instead of composing the bridging troughs and side seals of heavy jointed members they may be madevof a material, which is pliable or elastic in itself. Thus the bridging troughs 9'!A shown in Figures 14 and 15 are made-oi thin flexible corrugated metal shaped in the form of a trough. The corrugated trough is pressed into watertight contact with longitudinal troughs 38 by` ing trough may be much more numerous than shown.

Instead of composing the flexible side sealing -members as shown in Figure 'l of a plurality of ,20. Gastightness between the corrugated trough el and the side diaphragm |08 is established by means ofwater inated bag |08 receiving its water pressure through pipe |08, the bag resting on shoulder sections lill and pressing a serrated gasket I2 into registration with the corrugations of trough 81, springs ||3 being provided to counteract the pressure exerted by the bag. Diaphragm |05 is pressed upon the side frame plate 48 by means similar to those shown in Figure 'l consisting of springs 8| side rib 82 and gasket 63, which gasket is also shown in Figures 14 and 15.

A special -case in the use of pliable material for the construction of the bridging troughs is the use of canvas, shown in Figures 16, 17 and 18. The trough is preferably formed of two sheets IIE- H6 suitably tailored to run down into an apex lill where the sheets are sewn together at point H8 to prevent the escape of the water. A exible metal side sealing diaphragm is shown at |88 against which the lower ends of the two canvas sheets are pressed in gastight manner by means of many S-shaped'hooks |28 which penetrate the sheets and the diaphragm and anchor themselves behind the diaphragm by means of anchor 52|. A number of springs |23, one of whichvis shown in its compressed form, pulls on the outer crook |28 of hook |28 and simultaneously presses the canvas against the diaphragm.

The upper edge ci the outer sheet ||6 is held up in its position at a suitable number of points by being wired at |25 onto a hinged and iiexible supporting bridge composed of arms |28 hinged at |21- onto bolts |28 fastened to side frame plates 8, said arms carrying between them connecting piece Iza hinged to arms |38 by means of bolts |38. The upper edge of the inner sheet i i5 is held up in position by a number of brackets i'i, hinged to the supporting bridge at |82 and ending up in supporting pockets |38 sewn onto the upper edge of inner sheet H.' Sheet tit may however be supported like sheet il@ using a second bridge.

The canvas trough is pressed in water-tight manner against the side frame plates d@ and simultaneously against the longitudinal top troughs 38 by means'of packing material |35, laterally confined byfshell |36 centered on bolts |28 and impelled by spring |31 and compressed by plunger |38 also centered on bolts |28 and under pressure of nut |39. Instead of using canvas made of flax or hemp the bridging trough may be' made of a porous leather or of rubber compound of a quality resistant to water and tar as it is'used in the constructionof certain valves. Y nection with bag Se shown in Figure 5 may also be used. Y

The canvas sheets H5 and H6 may be continued down over the entire height of the coking walls till they dip into the sealing water contained in the door tub thus using the sheets as side sealing members. In this case the two sheets are not sewn together at H8 but the water in the top trough is permitted to enter the Protective devices as described in conframe plates 46 in the manner shown in Figure 19 where levers |42 are pressed by bolts |43 hooked onto side ribs 62 are used to press outer sheet ||6 and inner sheet H5 and diaphragm |05 upon gasket 63. This continuation of the canvas sheets down into the bottom tub has the advantage, that because of their reliable gastightness, it becomes superuous to produce gastightness by means of carefully manufactured and tightened metal side sealing members so that these members may be replaced by loosely fitting inexpensive ones.

I'he canvas sheets which ordinarily are permeable to gas are made gas-tight by virtue of the water which fills the pores of the canvas. The water flowing down between the sheets collects in bottom tub 90, and drains through overflow 34, into manifold 95, whence it reaches a recirculating tank (not shown) in which solid deposits are removed, whereupon the Water is pumped back to the supply line 58'. The recirculation tank may be provided with coils for heating or cooling the water and the water may contain antifreezing chemicals and for example, phenol against fungus.

The presence of water in the canvas fabric protects the sheets against becoming too hot. An additional protection against over-heating of the sheets are the diaphragms or their loosely y fitting substitutes which may also be insulated.

The quality of the canvas used may be varied, for example in accordancewith the height of the oven. A light quality canvas permits an ample filtration of water at pressures of from one to six pounds per square inch, while a heavier sailcloth will stand from thirty to fifty pounds pressure, and fire-hose material up to two hundred pounds or more before an excessive amount of water filters through the cloth. The quality of the canvas employed might, therefore, vary at different heights, the lower parts of the sheets being of denser fabric than the upper parts. Preferably, also, the outer sheet would be denser than the inner.

The canvas sheets would preferably be woven together at their edges, thus forming a hose as shown in Figure 19, so that water cannot leave sideways. The sheets are sewn together at their lower end at |43', see Figure 18, and the quantity of water passing down, between them is regulated by valve |44.

The brick walls shown in Figures 1-2-3 are of exceptionally small dimensions. In large walls ing and sealing of the walls.

Y can be reduced or increased to provide a different heavy reinforcing girders are used for the purpose of reinforcing the side frame plates 46 which surrounds the brick walls. In this case a reinforcing 'grid is preferably interposed between buckstays and side frame plates as shown in Figure 20 which shows brick walls 24--26, the side frame plate 46 and the reinforcing girders |45. A reinforcing grid composed of horizontal bars.|46 and vertical bars |41 is interposed between the girder and the side frame plate. 'I'he girdler is equipped Iwith hatten bars |48 which carry screws |49 which press the grid upon the frame plate. When this grid is present the side sealing members may be pressed upon the side grid by levers |42 and bolts |43 'as shown in Figure 20A and also in Figure 19 or by means of springs |50 shown in Figure 20B the grid itself being pressed in gastight manner upon frame plate 45.

The grid bars |41 can also be used for anchoring to them the springs which press the flexible side sealing members upon side frame plate as shown in Figure 21. Similar grids may also be used for reinforcing the top and bottom frame plates. The number of component movable parts forming the side seals may be reduced to two as shown in Figure 21D or even to one as shown in Figures 22E and 22F. the two latter ones perf mitting a sliding motion. l

As has been shown, different forms of flexible side seals, corner sealing devices and bridging troughs are possible and in the claims the words flexible or elastic are intended to cover any movability or alteration in form either by expansion, contraction, flexion, rotation, sliding, telescoping, bending, etc.

The water seals can easily be kept clean. Any dust collecting in the top troughs can be drawn out by a vacuum cleaner tube. This can be done while the coking proceeds. No careful removal of deposits formed on the side seals, for instance by scraping the surfaces metallicly clean is necessary. There is no objection to a layer of limited thickness of tar or coal dust collecting on the surfaces of the flexible sealing members or on other surfaces near them. Only the building up of excessively thick deposits must be prevented, and this is easily done by moving a scraper or brush over these surfaces at times when the walls are spread apart. All surfaces of the side seals` to be scraped are vertical and the scrapers can therefore be attached to a vertically movable platform which may form part of the coal charging machinery and which is power operated.

To make certain that deposits of limited thickness will not interfere with the closing of the walls the space left free between the wall surfaces, for instance the surfaces |50' and |5| in Figure 22E, may be made ample for instance one or two inches with the result vthat coal passes into this space until it is in contact with the side sealing members. 'I'he coal then acts as a heat insulator for the sealing members and the important advantage is gained, that, a deposit of perhaps 1A" thickness may be allowed to remain on the opposite faces of the surfaces after they have been scraped without running the risk that this deposit can interfere with the proper clos- Moreover, with this arrangement the width of the coking chamber width, which is of importance, since it enables the plant to deal satisfactorily with coals of different coking characteristics.

By'sealing each coking chamber flexibly and by retaining the water in the top troughs during motion of the walls and by permanently connecting. the side seals to the top troughs the time 'taken in breaking and remaking the seals is avoided, and heat losses from the chambers are reduced. The connection between the side seals and the bottom seal although it is interruptedwhen opening the bottom door is automatically reestablished in gastight manner when closing the door and filling it with water. doors may also be lowered in a parallel motion, thus retaining their water.

By the use of these sealing devices the number of operating actions to be performed on the seals when discharging and recharging a chamber has been reduced to the removal and reinstallation of the top and bottom doors and a simple form of cleaning, automatically done by motor driven i The bottom4 machinery, which simplifications make it possible to operate simultaneously a large number of retorts, making it possible to operate very large coking plants with greatly improved economy in labor and time. The same sealing devices may however be used in small plants for the operation of only one chamber, while the other chambers in the same block remain in service undisturbed. The seals also permit widening and also the narrowing of the chambers during coking operation, without impairment of sealing eect. Furthermore, 'the seals are such as to permit, to a high degree, a lack of register between the edges of adjacent walls, the gastightness of the seals not being effected by this lack of register. 'I'he seals are less expensive than the doors used for other coke ovens and they are absolutely gastight during coking, thereby eliminating losses of by-products and infiltration of air. 'I'hey are easily kept in good operating condition because they are easily and quickly replaced in case of need.

I claim:

l. In a coking oven with individually sealed coking chambers formed between internally heated walls, which are relatively movable with respect to each other, water sealed top and bottom sealing means, adapted to accommodate the motion of the walls.

2. In a coking oven with individually sealed coking chambers formed between internally heated walls, which are relatively movable with coking chambers formed between internally" heated walls, which are relatively movable with respect to each other, a ilexible set of sealing respect to each other, the sealing of each chamber at the top and bottom against the movable walls by means of removable liquid devices.

` 3. In a coking oven with individually sealed coking chambers formed between internally heated walls, which are relatively movable with respect to each other, a continuous flexible water trough connecting the topsof adjoining movable walls with each other and sealing each chamber, adapted to take part in the 'spreading motion of the walls, while retaining the water.

4. In a coking oven with individually sealed coking chambers formed between internally heated walls, which are relatively movable with respect to each other, a longitudinal water trough section fastened to the top of each of the two movable walls, said sections at their ends being connected with each other by means of ilexible water containing bridging troughs.,

5. In a coking oven with individually sealed coking chambers formed between internally heated walls, which are relatively movable with respect to each other, water sealed sealing means, comprising two longitudinal trough-sections fastened to the tops of the two walls, said sections moving with .the walls and being connected with each other by exible watertight bridging troughs, fastened to the endsof the longitudinal trough sections in4 water tight manner and adapted to retain the sealing water during the motions of said Walls.

6. In a coking oven with individually. sealed coking chambers formed between internally heated walls, which are relatively movable with respectto each other, a 'system of continually active sealing devices for sealing the upper opening of said chamber, and ilexible side sealing members held in place by tension springs for 4permanently sealing both sides of said chamber.

said top sealing devices beingI connected in a troughs for the top opening and a flexible set of sealing members for the sides, both sets connected with each other by flexible and permanently gas tight corner sealing means applied in the corners where said sets meet, all said sealing means adapted to maintain gas tightness, while the distance between the walls is varied.

8. In a coking oven with individually sealed coking chambers formed between internally heated walls, which are relatively movable with respect to each other, iiexible top and side sealing devices said devices made gas tight against each other by flexible corner devices, said corner devices, consisting of packing material elastically .and continually pressed against both top and side sealing devices. y

9. In a coking oven with individually sealed coking chambers formed between internally heated walls, which are relatively movable with respect to each other, ilexible top sealing, side sealing and corner sealing devices said corner sealing devices consisting of packing material elastically and continually pressed against said top and side sealing devices by means of external iluid pressure. Y

l0. In a coking oven with individually sealed coking chambers formed between internally heated walls, which are relatively movable with respectto each other, flexible top sealing, side sealing and corner sealing devices and bottom sealing curtains fastened onto the lower surface of each wall, the lowest ends of said side sealing devices extending downward and being in a gastight connection with said bottom sealing curtains said lowest ends of the side sealing devices and of said bottom sealing. curtains extending downward into sealing liquid contained in the bottom sealing door.

11. In a coking oven with individually sealed coking chambers formed between internally heated walls, which are relatively movable withl respect to each other, continually acting sealing devices surrounding each chamber, said sealing devices 'being in permanent gastight connection with the walls and with each. other., during all phases ofthe coking operation, and adapted to accommodate the motion of the walls, while maintaining gastightness.

12. In a coking oven with individually sealed coking chambers formed between internally heated walls, which are relatively movable with respect to each other, sealing means comprising a continuous exible water containing top trough and bottom -sealing curtains and exible side sealing means connected in permanently gas tight manner to the top trough and to the bottom sealing curtains, the top opening of each.

chamber being closed by a bell shaped cover extending into the water of the topvtrough, the lower opening being closed by a water containing tub-shapeddoor, said door being raised to .a position where the bottom curtains are sufilciently submerged in the bottom door water.

gastig'ht manner by elastic packing means to said 13. In a coking oven with individually sealed coking chambers formed between internally heated walls, which are relatively movablewith respect to each other, the sealing o-f the top opening by means of a continuous water lled trough in conjunction with a bell shaped cover resting in the trough and the sealing of the bottom opening by a water illled door tub, in con- A ward into the tub for sealing the sides, the width ofsaid top troughs and said bottom tub being ample and adapted to permit an alteration of the widthof the chamber, while the top and bottom doors are in position. l 5

14. In a coking oven with individually sealed coking chambers formed between internally heated walls, which are relatively movable with respect to each other, two longitudinal sealing troughs for sealing the top opening, said troughs being linked by ilexible bridging-troughs made of material which in itself is iiexible, such as corrugated metal or canvas or leather or rubber, so located as to be protected from the heat of the oven, and co-acting flexible diaphragms for sealing the side openings.

15. In a coking oven with individually sealed coking chambers formed between internally heated walls, which are relatively movable with respect to each other, a continuous system of top sealing troughs composed of londitudinal rigid sections and flexible bridging troughs said bridging troughs being connected to said rigid sections by means of quick acting clamping devices.

16. In a coking oven with individually sealed coking chambers formed `between internally4 heated walls, which'are relatively movable with respect to each other, a sealing tub at the bottom of each chamber, exible bridging troughs made of canvas at the top of each chamber, the lower ends of said troughs extending down in form of parallel layers into the water contained in the bottom sealing tub, the water in the bridging troughs in communication with the spaces between said parallel layers, said parallel layers serving as side sealing devices to the chamber.

17. In a coking oven with individually sealed coking chambers formed ,between internally heated walls, which are relatively movable with respect to each other, water lled top and bottom and side sealing devices said side sealing devices made of a double layer of canvas, a continuous water supply going into the top seal, the surplus water going down between the side seals and the surplus water from these going into the bottom seal, whence it is drained, cleaned and recirculated.

18. In a coking oven with individually sealed coking 'chambers formed between internally heated walls. which are relatively movable with respect to each other, a continuous ring of ilexible permanently gastight sealing devices, adapted to-maintain eilective` gastight sealing condition while the width of each chamber is being altered.

19. In a coking voven with individually sealed coking chambers formed between internally heated walls, which are relatively movable with respect to each other, means for sealing all sides of each chamber said means being adaptable to the varying distance between the walls, and remaining gastight during the motion of the walls.

20. In a coking oven with individually sealed coking chambers formed between internally heated walls, which are relatively movable with respect to each other, the sealing of each chamber by means of water sealed top and bottom doors and flexible side .sealing devices.

21. In a coking oven comprising hollow internally heated coking walls. which are relatively movable with respect to each other, each movable wall having exible supply means for supplying heating gases and iiexible outlet means for taking waste gases away, each movable wail being indl- 75 vidually surrounded on its narrow outer noncoking faces by an iron framework adapted for ilrmly holding alll parts of said wall in their relative position, and comprising carbonizing chambers sandwiched between said coking walls, said chambers having oitakes for distillate gases each of said chambers having top charging and bottom discharging openings. horizontal sealing means for sealing said openings, said horizontal means consisting of horizontal attached members being attached in gastight manner to the horizontal top and bottom proximate edges of adjoining walls and consisting of removable top and bottom doors, said doors being in gastight contact with said horizontal attached members, flexible vertical side sealing means for exibly sealing the outermost vertical proximate edges of adjoining coking walls to each other and flexible interconnecting corner sealing means for sealing said horizontal attached sealing means and said vertical sealing means to each other in a gastight manner. l

22. In a coking oven comprising hollow internally heated coking walls, which are relatively movable with respect to each other, each movable wall having ilexible supply means for supplying heating gases and exible outlet means for taking waste gases away, each movable wall being individually surrounded on its narrow outer noncoking faces by an iron framework adapted for firmly holding all parts of said wall in their relative position, and comprising carbonizing chambers sandwiched between said coking walls, said chambers having oiftakes for distillate gases each of said chambers having top charging and bottom discharging openings, horizontal ilexible sealing means for sealing saidV openings, said horizontal means consisting of longitudinal attached members being attached in gastight manner to the horizontal top and bottom proximate edges of adjoining walls, and moving with the walls and being connected with each other by flexible gastight bridging members, fastened to the ends of said longitudinal members in gas tight manner and consisting of removable top and bottom doors, said doors being in gastight contact with said longitudinal attached members and said bridging members, exible vertical side sealing means for exibly sealing the outermost vertical proximate edges of adjoining coking walls to each other and flexible interconnecting corner sealing means for iiexibly sealing said horizontal sealing means and said vertical sealing means to each other in a gastight manner.

23. In a coking oven comprising hollow internally heated coking walls, which are relatively movable with respect to each other, each movable wall having exible supply means for supplying heating gases and flexible outlet means for taking waste gases away, each movable wall being individually surrounded on its narrow outer non-coking faces by an iron framework adapted for ilrmly holding all parts of said wall in their relative position, and comprising carbonizing chambers sandwiched between said coking walls. said chambers having otakes for distillate gases, each of said chambers having top charging and bottom discharging openings, horizontal flexible sealing means for sealing said openings, said horizontal means consisting of longitudinal attached members being attached in gastight manner to the horizontal top and bottom proximate edges of adjoining walls, and moving with the walls andl being connected with each other by said bridging members, exible vertical side sealing means for flexibly sealing the outermost vertical proximate edges of adjoining coking walls to each other and flexible interconnecting corner sealing means for flexibly sealing said horizontal sealing means and said vertical sealingl means to each other in a gastight manner.

24. I n a coking oven comprising hollow internally heated coking walls, which are relatively movable with respect to each other, each movable wall having flexible supply means for supplying heating gases and flexible outlet means for taking waste gases away, each movable wall being individually surrounded on its narrow outer non-coking faces by an iron framework adapted for firmly holding all parts of said wall in their relative position, and comprising carbonizing chambers sandwiched between said coking walls, said chambers having oitakes for distillate gases, each of said chambers having top charging and bottom discharging openings, horizontal flexible sealing means for sealing said openings, said horizontal means consisting of longitudinal attached members being attached in gastight manner to the horizontal top and bottom proximate edges of adjoining walls, and moving with the Walls and being connected with each other by flexible gastight bridging members, fastened to the ends of said longitudinal members in gastight manner and consisting of removable top and bottom doors, said doors being in a gastight and flexible contact with said longitudinal and said bridging members, flexible vertical side sealing means for fiexibly sealing the outermost vertical proximate edges of adjoining coking walls to each other and flexible interconnecting corner sealing means for flexibly sealing said horizontal sealing means and said vertical sealing means to each other in a gastight manner, said gastight contact between said removable top and bottom doors and said longitudinal attached and saidr bridging members being exible and adapted to permit motionof walls during operation, without losing gastightness.

25. In a coking oven comprising hollow internally heated coking walls, which are relatively movable with respect to each other, each movable wall having iexible supply means for supplying heating gases and fiexible outlet means for taking waste gases away, each movable Wall being individually surrounded on its narrow outer non-coking faces by an iron framework adapted for firmly holding all parts of said wall in their relative position, and comprising carbonizing chambers sandwiched between said coking walls, said chambers having offtakes for distillate gases, each of said chambers having top charging and bottom discharging openings, horizontal flexible sealingv means for sealing said openings, said horizontal means consisting of longitudinal attached. members being attached in gastight manner to the horizontal top and bottom proximate edges of adjoining walls, and moving with the walls and being connected with each other by flexible gastight bridging members, fastened to the ends of said longitudinal members in gas-- tight manner and consisting of removable top and bottom doors, said doors being in a gastight and fiexible contact with said longitudinal and said bridging members, flexible vertical side sealing means for flexibly sealing the outermost vertical proximate edges of adjoining coking walls to each other and flexible interconnecting corner sealing means for flexibly sealing said horizontal sealing means and said vertical sealing means to each other in a gastight manner, said gastight contact between said removable top and bottom doors on the one hand and said longitudinal and said bridging members on the other hand being adapted to be broken and to be restored by merely removing the doors from and thereafter returning them into their position. A

26. In a coking oven comprising hollow internally heated coking walls, which are relatively movable with respect to each other, each movable Wall having exible supply means for supplying heating gases and flexible outlet means for taking waste gases away, each movable wall being individually surrounded on its narrow outer non-coking faces by an iron framework adapted for firmly holding all parts of said wall in their relative position, and comprising carbonizing chambers sandwiched between said coking walls, said chambers having offtakes for distillate gases, each of said chambers having top charging and bottom discharging openings, horizontal exible sealing means for sealing said openings, said horizontal means consisting of longitudinal attached members being attached in gastight manner to the horizontal top and bottom proximate edges of adjoining walls, and moving with the walls and being connected with each other by flexible gastight bridging members, fastened to the ends of said longitudinal members in gastight manner and consisting of removable top and bottom doors, said doors being in a gastight and flexible contact with said longitudinal and said bridging members, flexible vertical side sealing means for flexibly sealing the outermost vertical proximate edges of adjoining coking walls to each other and flexible interconnecting corner sealing means for flexibly sealing said horizontal sealing means and said vertical sealing means to each other in a gastight manner, said gastight contact between said removable top and bottom doors on the one hand and said horizontal flexible sealing means on the other hand adapted to be broken for the purpose of spreadin-g the walls and discharging the coke by merely removing said doors, and thereafter to be restored by merely returning said doors to their position, all other sealing means being iiexible and adapted to retain gastight contact with each other and with the walls during said spreading motion.

FRANZ PUENING. 

